/* CSS Variables for colors and fonts */
:root {
    --primary-color: #152e40; /* Logo Color 1 */
    --accent-color: #ed4d50;  /* Logo Color 2 */
    --text-dark: #2c3e50;
    --text-light: #7f8c8d;
    --bg-light: #f8f9fa;
    --white: #ffffff;
    --border-color: #e9ecef;
    --shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);

    --font-primary: 'Anek Bangla', sans-serif;
}

/* General Body Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* CORRECTION: The font-family property now includes both Roboto and Hind Siliguri.
  This tells the browser to use Roboto for English characters and automatically 
  fall back to Hind Siliguri for Bengali characters that don't exist in Roboto.
*/
body {
    font-family: var(--font-primary);
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background-color: var(--bg-light); /* Set a light bg for the whole site */
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.5rem;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4 {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

section {
    padding: 6rem 0;
    background-color: var(--white); /* Default section background */
}
section.services, section.about {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
}


/* Page Header Banner */
.page-header {
    position: relative;
    padding: 8rem 2rem 10rem; /* Increased bottom padding for overlap */
    text-align: center;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    color: var(--white);
}

.page-header::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(21, 46, 64, 0.7); 
    z-index: 1;
    transition: background-color 0.4s ease;
}

.page-header:hover::after {
    background: rgba(21, 46, 64, 0.8); 
}

.page-header h1 {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2; 
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: var(--white);
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.page-header h1::after {
   display: none;
}

/* New Content Wrapper for Overlap Effect */
.page-content-wrapper {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 20px;
    padding: 3rem;
    margin-top: -6rem; /* This pulls the content up over the header */
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10;
    box-shadow: 0 -5px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}


/* Section Title (for sections on white background) */
.section-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.section-title h2 {
    font-size: 2.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}
        
.section-title h2::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -10px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 80px;
    height: 4px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.section-title p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Bilingual intro: English + Bangla stacked in one comfortably-wide centred column */
.format-intro {
    max-width: 1080px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
}
.format-intro p {
    max-width: none;
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: var(--text-light);
}
.format-intro p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.format-intro p em { font-style: normal; }

/* "Why buy the eBook" persuasive callout on individual book pages */
.why-ebook-section {
    margin: 0.5rem 0 2.5rem;
    padding: 2rem 2.2rem;
    background: #eef4fb;
    border: 1px solid #d4e4f6;
    border-radius: 15px;
}
.why-ebook-section .section-title h2 { font-size: 1.3rem; }
.wes-emoji { font-size: 1.1em; }

/* Buttons */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 12px 35px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--accent-color);
}
        
.btn-secondary {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--white);
}
        
.btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--white);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}


/* Header */
.header {
    background: rgba(21, 46, 64, 0.9);
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    position: fixed;
    width: 100%;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: background 0.3s ease, padding 0.3s ease;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}
        
.header.scrolled {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.nav-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo img {
    height: 60px;
    width: auto;
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.nav-menu a {
    color: var(--white);
    font-weight: 500;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.nav-menu a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-menu a:hover::after, .nav-menu a.active::after {
    width: 100%;
}

/* Nav dropdown submenus */
.has-submenu {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.submenu-toggle {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    color: var(--white);
    opacity: 0.75;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.3rem;
    margin-left: 0.15rem;
}

.submenu-toggle i {
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.has-submenu:hover .submenu-toggle,
.has-submenu.submenu-open .submenu-toggle {
    opacity: 1;
}

.has-submenu:hover .submenu-toggle i {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.submenu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(8px);
    min-width: 230px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 14px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0.6rem 0;
    margin: 0;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, visibility 0.2s;
    z-index: 1100;
}

.has-submenu:hover .submenu,
.has-submenu:focus-within .submenu,
.has-submenu.submenu-open .submenu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0);
}

.submenu li {
    margin: 0;
}

.submenu a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.55rem 1.3rem;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    white-space: nowrap;
    color: var(--white);
}

.submenu a::after {
    display: none;
}

.submenu a:hover {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
}

/* Books submenu: IELTS eBooks and PTE eBooks each laid out as their own
   column, side by side, instead of one long vertical list of 15 links. */
.submenu.submenu-books {
    left: 0;
    transform: translateY(8px);
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    min-width: 460px;
    max-width: 92vw;
    padding: 0.8rem 0.5rem;
}

.has-submenu:hover .submenu.submenu-books,
.has-submenu.submenu-open .submenu.submenu-books {
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.submenu-books .submenu-col {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex: 1 1 0;
    padding: 0 0.7rem;
}

.submenu-books .submenu-col + .submenu-col {
    margin-left: 0.3rem;
    padding-left: 1rem;
    border-left: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
}

.submenu-books .submenu-col a {
    padding: 0.45rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.submenu-books .submenu-col a:hover {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
    padding-left: 0.9rem;
}

.hamburger {
    display: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.hamburger span {
    display: block;
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--white);
    margin: 5px 0;
    transition: 0.4s;
}

/* ================== GLOBAL SEARCH ================== */
.header-actions {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.6rem;
}

.search-toggle-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    background: transparent;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.9rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
    line-height: 1;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.search-toggle-btn i { font-size: 1rem; }

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .search-toggle-btn span { display: none; }
    .search-toggle-btn { padding: 0.45rem 0.6rem; border: none; }
}

.search-toggle-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.search-overlay {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(21, 46, 64, 0.55);
    backdrop-filter: blur(3px);
    z-index: 2000;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 8vh 1.5rem 2rem;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.25s ease, visibility 0.25s ease;
}

.search-overlay.active {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.search-panel {
    background: var(--white);
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 640px;
    border-radius: 14px;
    box-shadow: 0 25px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    overflow: hidden;
    max-height: 78vh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    transform: translateY(-12px);
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.search-overlay.active .search-panel {
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.search-input-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.8rem;
    padding: 1.1rem 1.4rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.search-input-row > i {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.search-input-row input {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-family: var(--font-primary);
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background: transparent;
}

.search-input-row input::placeholder { color: var(--text-light); }

.search-close-btn {
    border: none;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--text-light);
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

.search-close-btn:hover { background: var(--accent-color); color: var(--white); }

.search-results-list {
    overflow-y: auto;
}

.search-result-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.9rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.4rem;
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.15s ease;
}

.search-result-item:hover, .search-result-item:focus {
    background: var(--bg-light);
}

.search-result-icon {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 34px;
    height: 34px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-top: 0.1rem;
}

.search-result-text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.2rem;
    min-width: 0;
}

.search-result-title {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 0.98rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.search-category-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 0.15rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.search-result-desc {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 1;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
}

.search-view-all-btn {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.9rem;
    margin: 0.5rem 1.4rem 0.9rem;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.search-view-all-btn:hover { background: var(--accent-color); }

.search-empty-state {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.search-empty-state i {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
    display: block;
    opacity: 0.5;
}

body.search-open { overflow: hidden; }

/* search.html — full, uncapped results page */
.search-page-input-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.9rem;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 50px;
    padding: 0.9rem 1.6rem;
    max-width: 640px;
    margin: 0 auto 2.5rem;
}

.search-page-input-row > i { color: var(--text-light); }

.search-page-input-row input {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    background: transparent;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-family: var(--font-primary);
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.search-page-count {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.search-page-results {
    max-width: 780px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.search-page-results .search-result-item {
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
    padding: 1rem 1.3rem;
}

.search-page-results .search-result-desc {
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--white);
    position: relative;
    padding: 8rem 1.5rem 3.5rem;
    background: var(--primary-color) center / cover no-repeat;
}

.hero::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(21, 46, 64, 0.7);
    z-index: 2;
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 3;
    max-width: 800px;
}

.hero h1 {
    font-size: 3.4rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 1.15;
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--white);
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}

.hero h1 .highlight {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

@media (max-height: 750px) {
    .hero { min-height: auto; padding: 7rem 1.5rem 3rem; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 2.6rem; margin-bottom: 1.8rem; }
}

.cta-buttons {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* Box-style hero CTAs */
.cta-boxes {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    justify-content: center;
}

.cta-box {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
    border-radius: 14px;
    padding: 1.1rem 1.6rem;
    width: 280px;
    height: 106px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    flex: 0 0 280px;
    color: var(--white);
    text-decoration: none;
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    transition: background 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.cta-box:hover {
    background: var(--accent-color);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    color: var(--white);
}

.cta-box-icon {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.cta-box-text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: left;
}

.cta-box-title {
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.cta-box-sub {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    opacity: 0.85;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .cta-boxes { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
    .cta-box { width: auto; height: auto; flex-basis: auto; }
}

/* Services Section */
.services-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}
        
.service-card-link {
    display: block;
    color: inherit;
}

.service-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 2.5rem 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    border-bottom: 4px solid transparent;
}

.service-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.service-icon {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.service-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
        
.service-card p {
    color: var(--text-light);
}

/* ================== DESTINATIONS SECTION (FIXED) ================== */
.destinations-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.destination-card {
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-end;
    padding: 2rem;
    color: var(--white);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.destination-card:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* CORRECTED GRADIENT OVERLAY */
.destination-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    /* This new gradient ensures the top is never fully transparent */
    background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.2) 60%, rgba(0,0,0,0.1) 100%);
    transition: background 0.4s ease;
    z-index: 1; /* Explicitly set z-index */
}
        
.destination-card:hover::before {
     /* This stronger gradient applies on hover */
     background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.85), rgba(0,0,0,0.4));
}
        
.destination-card-bg {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    z-index: 0; /* Background is behind the overlay */
}

.destination-content {
    position: relative; /* Ensure content is on top */
    z-index: 2;
    transform: translateY(10px);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}
        
.destination-card:hover .destination-content {
    transform: translateY(0);
}
        
.destination-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.5); /* Add text shadow for readability */
}

/* Tier badge for study-abroad country cards (High Interest / Growing / Emerging) */
.tier-badge {
    position: absolute;
    top: 1rem;
    right: 1rem;
    z-index: 3;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    color: var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
}
.tier-badge.tier-1 { background: #2e8b57; }
.tier-badge.tier-2 { background: #e0a02f; color: #152e40; }
.tier-badge.tier-3 { background: #66798a; }

.destinations-cta {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 4rem;
}

/* Homepage "IELTS eBooks" section */
.ebook-home-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
    .ebook-home-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
}

.ebook-home-card {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.ebook-home-card:hover { transform: translateY(-6px); }

.ebook-home-card img {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 210px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    display: block;
}

.ebook-home-card .ebook-home-title {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.ebook-home-card .ebook-home-price {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}


/* About & Video Sections */
.about-content, .content-wrapper {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.about-text h2, .content-wrapper h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.about-text p, .content-wrapper p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.video-container {
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 56.25%;
    height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    max-width: 100%;
    background: #000;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.video-container iframe {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border: 0;
}

.video-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.video-grid-item h3 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

/* News Section Grid */
.news-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.news-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.news-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.news-image {
    height: 220px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.news-content {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.news-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.news-content p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.news-meta {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-top: 1rem;
    margin-top: auto;
}

.news-meta span {
    margin-right: 1rem;
}

.news-cta {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 4rem;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #a9b4c2;
    padding: 5rem 0 2rem;
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.footer-section h3 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
}

.footer-section h3::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    bottom: -8px;
    width: 40px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.footer-section.footer-about p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-right: 1rem;
}

.footer-section ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-section ul li {
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.footer-section ul li a {
    color: #a9b4c2;
}

.footer-section ul li a:hover {
    color: var(--white);
    padding-left: 5px;
}

.social-icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.social-icons a {
    color: #a9b4c2;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border: 1px solid #4a5c6c;
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.social-icons a:hover {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid #4a5c6c;
    padding-top: 2rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.footer-legal-links {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.footer-legal-links a {
    color: #a9b4c2;
}

.footer-legal-links a:hover {
    color: var(--white);
}

/* VISA INFO PAGE LAYOUT */
.visa-info-layout-section {
    padding-top: 2rem;
}

.visa-info-layout {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2.5rem;
}

.visa-info-sidebar {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 220px;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 10px;
    align-self: flex-start;
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
}

.visa-info-sidebar ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.visa-info-sidebar ul li a {
    display: block;
    padding: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.visa-info-sidebar ul li a i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    width: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.visa-info-sidebar ul li a:hover {
    background-color: #e9ecef;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.visa-info-sidebar ul li a.active {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(237, 77, 80, 0.3);
}

.visa-info-sidebar ul li a.active i {
    color: var(--white);
}

.visa-info-content {
    flex: 3;
}

.content-panel {
    display: none;
}

.content-panel.active {
    display: block;
    animation: fadeIn 0.5s ease-in-out;
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

.content-panel h2 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
    padding-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.content-panel h4 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.content-panel h4 i {
    margin-right: 12px;
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.content-panel p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.content-panel ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding-left: 0;
}

.content-panel ul li {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 25px;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.content-panel ul li::before {
    content: '\f058';
    font-family: 'Font Awesome 6 Free';
    font-weight: 900;
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 4px;
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* BLOG POST PAGE STYLES */
.blog-post-container {
    padding: 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .blog-post-container {
        grid-template-columns: 3fr 1fr;
    }
}

.blog-article {
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.post-meta {
    margin: 1rem 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem 1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.post-category {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 3px 12px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}
.post-category:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
}

.post-author a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 700;
}
.post-author a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.social-share {
    margin: 1rem 0 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.8rem;
}
.social-share span {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}
.social-share a {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    width: 35px;
    height: 35px;
    display: inline-flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    border-radius: 50%;
}
.social-share a:hover {
    color: var(--white);
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.post-body p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: #34495e;
}

.post-body h3 {
    margin-top: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
}

.author-box {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding: 2rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: 10px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--accent-color);
}

.author-image {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.author-info h4 {
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
}
.author-info h5 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.author-info p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.author-social a {
    margin-right: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}
.author-social a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.cta-section {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding: 2.5rem;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 10px;
}
.cta-section h3 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.cta-section p {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.blog-sidebar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    align-self: start;
}

.sidebar-widget {
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.widget-title {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 0.8rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.widget-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -1px;
    left: 0;
    width: 50px;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.search-form {
    display: flex;
}
.search-form input {
    width: 100%;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 12px;
    border-radius: 5px 0 0 5px;
    outline: none;
    transition: border-color 0.3s ease;
}
.search-form input:focus {
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}
.search-form button {
    border: none;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 0 15px;
    cursor: pointer;
    border-radius: 0 5px 5px 0;
}

.related-posts-list,
.categories-list {
    list-style: none;
}
.related-posts-list li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.related-posts-list img {
    width: 80px;
    height: 60px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 5px;
}
.related-posts-list a {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.related-posts-list a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}
.related-posts-list span {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.categories-list li {
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--border-color);
    padding-bottom: 0.8rem;
}
.categories-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}
.categories-list a {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    font-weight: 500;
}
.categories-list a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    padding-left: 5px;
}
.categories-list span {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .about-content, .content-wrapper, .blog-post-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 3rem;
    }
    .footer-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    }
    .blog-sidebar, .visa-info-sidebar {
        position: static;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .section-title h2, .page-header h1 { font-size: 2.2rem; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 2.3rem; }
    .hero { padding: 6.5rem 1.2rem 3rem; }
    .page-header h1 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
    .cta-buttons { flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; align-items: center; }
    .ielts-stat-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
    .ielts-qtype-grid, .ielts-criteria-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .ielts-split { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .content-panel h2 { font-size: 1.8rem; }

    .hamburger {
        display: block;
        z-index: 1001;
    }

    .search-overlay { padding: 4vh 1rem 1rem; }
    .search-panel { max-width: 100%; max-height: 88vh; }
    .search-page-input-row { padding: 0.8rem 1.2rem; }

    .nav-menu {
        position: fixed;
        top: 0;
        right: -100%;
        width: 70%;
        height: 100vh;
        background: var(--primary-color);
        flex-direction: column;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        align-items: center;
        transition: right 0.5s ease-in-out;
        gap: 1.75rem;
        overflow-y: auto;
        padding: 5rem 0 2.5rem;
    }

    .nav-menu.active {
        right: 0;
    }

    .hamburger.active span:nth-child(1) {
        transform: rotate(45deg) translate(5px, 5px);
    }
    .hamburger.active span:nth-child(2) {
        opacity: 0;
    }
    .hamburger.active span:nth-child(3) {
        transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(7px, -6px);
    }

    /* Submenu — mobile accordion instead of hover dropdown */
    .has-submenu {
        flex-direction: column;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: center;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .submenu-toggle {
        display: inline-flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        margin-left: 0.5rem;
    }

    .submenu-toggle i {
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    }

    .has-submenu.submenu-open .submenu-toggle i {
        transform: rotate(180deg);
    }

    .submenu {
        position: static;
        transform: none;
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        background: transparent;
        box-shadow: none;
        width: 100%;
        max-height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        padding: 0;
        text-align: center;
        transition: max-height 0.3s ease, padding 0.3s ease;
    }

    .has-submenu.submenu-open .submenu {
        max-height: 600px;
        padding: 0.75rem 0 0;
    }

    .submenu a {
        padding: 0.5rem 0;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        color: #cbd5e1;
    }

    .submenu.submenu-books {
        left: auto;
        flex-direction: column;
        min-width: 0;
        max-width: none;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .submenu-books .submenu-col {
        align-items: center;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .submenu-books .submenu-col + .submenu-col {
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-top: 0.6rem;
        padding-left: 0;
        padding-top: 0.6rem;
        border-left: none;
        border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
    }

    .submenu-books .submenu-col a {
        padding: 0.4rem 0.7rem;
        color: #cbd5e1;
    }

    .footer-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        text-align: center;
    }
    .footer-section h3::after {
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }
    .social-icons {
        justify-content: center;
    }
    .footer-section.footer-about p {
        padding-right: 0;
    }
    .footer-bottom {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
    }
    .footer-legal-links {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .visa-info-layout {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    .author-box {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
    }
    .page-content-wrapper {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
}

/* =========================================================
   IELTS VISUALIZATION COMPONENT LIBRARY
   Shared, brand-matched infographics for the IELTS guides
   (Listening / Reading / Speaking). All self-contained
   CSS + SVG — no external chart libraries required.
   Chart palette (categorical):
     --iv-c1 navy  --iv-c2 red  --iv-c3 teal
     --iv-c4 amber --iv-c5 indigo --iv-c6 green
   ========================================================= */
:root {
    --iv-c1: #152e40;
    --iv-c2: #ed4d50;
    --iv-c3: #17a2a2;
    --iv-c4: #e0a02f;
    --iv-c5: #5c6bc0;
    --iv-c6: #4caf7d;
    --iv-ink: #223640;
    --iv-track: #eef1f4;
    --iv-line: #e3e8ec;
    --iv-soft: #f6f8fa;
}

/* Bengali text pairing — softer weight, clear line height */
.ielts-bn {
    font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif;
    color: #5a6b74;
    font-size: 0.98rem;
    line-height: 1.9;
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.35rem;
}
.content-panel p .ielts-bn { color: #5a6b74; }

/* Lead paragraph */
.ielts-lead {
    font-size: 1.12rem;
    color: var(--iv-ink);
    line-height: 1.85;
}

/* Generic visualization card / figure */
.ielts-viz {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-radius: 16px;
    padding: 1.6rem 1.6rem 1.4rem;
    margin: 1.8rem 0;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(21, 46, 64, 0.06);
}
.ielts-viz-title {
    font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--iv-c1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.ielts-viz-title i { color: var(--iv-c2); }
.ielts-viz-sub {
    font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif;
    color: #78868f;
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.3rem;
}
.ielts-figcap {
    text-align: center;
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
}

/* ---- Stat / KPI tiles ---- */
.ielts-stat-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 1rem;
    margin: 1.8rem 0;
}
.ielts-stat {
    background: linear-gradient(160deg, #ffffff 0%, var(--iv-soft) 100%);
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-top: 4px solid var(--iv-c2);
    border-radius: 14px;
    padding: 1.3rem 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}
.ielts-stat:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); box-shadow: 0 12px 26px rgba(21,46,64,0.1); }
.ielts-stat:nth-child(4n+1) { border-top-color: var(--iv-c1); }
.ielts-stat:nth-child(4n+2) { border-top-color: var(--iv-c2); }
.ielts-stat:nth-child(4n+3) { border-top-color: var(--iv-c3); }
.ielts-stat:nth-child(4n+4) { border-top-color: var(--iv-c4); }
.ielts-stat i { font-size: 1.4rem; color: var(--iv-c2); margin-bottom: 0.4rem; }
.ielts-stat-num {
    font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 2.1rem;
    line-height: 1;
    color: var(--iv-c1);
}
.ielts-stat-label { font-weight: 700; color: var(--iv-ink); margin-top: 0.35rem; font-size: 0.95rem; }
.ielts-stat-bn { font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; color: #8a959c; font-size: 0.82rem; display: block; }

/* ---- Horizontal bar chart (labelled) ---- */
.ielts-bars { margin: 0.4rem 0; }
.ielts-bar-row { margin-bottom: 1.05rem; }
.ielts-bar-head {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: baseline;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.ielts-bar-name { font-weight: 700; color: var(--iv-ink); font-size: 0.96rem; }
.ielts-bar-name small { font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; color: #8a959c; font-weight: 500; }
.ielts-bar-val { font-weight: 900; color: var(--iv-c1); font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; }
.ielts-bar-track {
    background: var(--iv-track);
    border-radius: 50px;
    height: 15px;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.ielts-bar-fill {
    height: 100%;
    border-radius: 50px;
    background: var(--iv-c1);
    width: 0;
    animation: ielts-grow 1.1s cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1) forwards;
}
@keyframes ielts-grow { from { width: 0; } }
.ielts-bar-fill.c1 { background: linear-gradient(90deg,#1c3b52,#152e40); }
.ielts-bar-fill.c2 { background: linear-gradient(90deg,#ff6d70,#ed4d50); }
.ielts-bar-fill.c3 { background: linear-gradient(90deg,#22c3c3,#17a2a2); }
.ielts-bar-fill.c4 { background: linear-gradient(90deg,#f0b64a,#e0a02f); }
.ielts-bar-fill.c5 { background: linear-gradient(90deg,#7481d6,#5c6bc0); }
.ielts-bar-fill.c6 { background: linear-gradient(90deg,#61c793,#4caf7d); }

/* ---- Donut ring (SVG) legend layout ---- */
.ielts-donut-wrap {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2rem;
    justify-content: center;
}
.ielts-donut { flex: 0 0 auto; }
.ielts-donut svg { transform: rotate(-90deg); }
.ielts-donut .seg { fill: none; stroke-width: 26; }
.ielts-donut-center {
    font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
    fill: var(--iv-c1);
}
.ielts-legend { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; min-width: 220px; }
.ielts-legend li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--iv-line);
    color: var(--iv-ink) !important;
}
.ielts-legend li::before { display: none; }
.ielts-legend .dot {
    width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 4px; flex: 0 0 auto; margin-top: 4px;
}
.ielts-legend b { color: var(--iv-c1); }
.ielts-legend span { font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; color: #8a959c; font-size: 0.85rem; display: block; }

/* ---- Process flow (steps) ---- */
.ielts-flow {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    margin: 1.4rem 0;
}
.ielts-flow-step {
    flex: 1 1 140px;
    background: var(--iv-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
}
.ielts-flow-step .n {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--iv-c2); color: #fff; font-weight: 900; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.ielts-flow-step h5 { color: var(--iv-c1); font-size: 1rem; margin: 0 0 0.2rem; font-weight: 700; }
.ielts-flow-step p { font-size: 0.85rem; margin: 0; color: #78868f; line-height: 1.5; }
.ielts-flow-step .bn { font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; font-size: 0.8rem; }
.ielts-flow-arrow { align-self: center; color: var(--iv-c2); font-size: 1.2rem; }

/* ---- Question-type / criteria cards ---- */
.ielts-qtype-grid, .ielts-criteria-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 1rem;
    margin: 1.6rem 0;
}
.ielts-qtype-card {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-left: 5px solid var(--iv-c2);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.2rem 1.3rem;
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease;
}
.ielts-qtype-card:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: 0 12px 26px rgba(21,46,64,0.09); }
.ielts-qtype-card .qt-head { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.7rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.ielts-qtype-card .qt-num {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    width: 30px; height: 30px; border-radius: 8px; flex: 0 0 auto;
    background: var(--iv-c1); color: #fff; font-weight: 900; font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.ielts-qtype-card h5 { margin: 0; color: var(--iv-c1); font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; }
.ielts-qtype-card h5 small { display: block; font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; color: #8a959c; font-weight: 500; font-size: 0.82rem; }
.ielts-qtype-card p { margin: 0.4rem 0 0; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.65; color: #607079; }
.ielts-qtype-card .qt-tip {
    margin-top: 0.7rem; font-size: 0.86rem; background: var(--iv-soft);
    border-radius: 8px; padding: 0.55rem 0.7rem; color: var(--iv-ink);
}
.ielts-qtype-card .qt-tip i { color: var(--iv-c4); margin-right: 0.4rem; }

/* ---- Callout / tip boxes ---- */
.ielts-callout {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.9rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.1rem 1.2rem;
    margin: 1.4rem 0;
    background: #fff5f5;
    border: 1px solid #ffd9da;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--iv-c2);
}
.ielts-callout.tip { background: #eefaf5; border-color: #cfeee0; border-left-color: var(--iv-c6); }
.ielts-callout.info { background: #eef4fb; border-color: #d4e4f6; border-left-color: var(--iv-c5); }
.ielts-callout.warn { background: #fff8ec; border-color: #f7e4c0; border-left-color: var(--iv-c4); }
.ielts-callout > i { font-size: 1.3rem; margin-top: 0.15rem; color: var(--iv-c2); }
.ielts-callout.tip > i { color: var(--iv-c6); }
.ielts-callout.info > i { color: var(--iv-c5); }
.ielts-callout.warn > i { color: var(--iv-c4); }
.ielts-callout .cx { flex: 1; }
.ielts-callout p { margin: 0; color: var(--iv-ink); line-height: 1.7; }
.ielts-callout strong { color: var(--iv-c1); }

/* ---- Example / model-answer block ---- */
.ielts-example {
    background: var(--iv-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.2rem 1.4rem;
    margin: 1.3rem 0;
}
.ielts-example .ex-tag {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--iv-c1);
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
    margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
}
.ielts-example .ex-tag.q { background: var(--iv-c5); }
.ielts-example .ex-tag.a { background: var(--iv-c6); }
.ielts-example p { margin: 0.5rem 0; color: var(--iv-ink); line-height: 1.75; }
.ielts-example .ex-q { font-weight: 700; color: var(--iv-c1); }

/* Highlighted word/answer inline */
.ielts-hl {
    background: #fff3b0;
    padding: 0.05em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #6b5900;
}
.ielts-key { color: var(--iv-c2); font-weight: 700; }

/* ---- Two-column split ---- */
.ielts-split {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin: 1.4rem 0;
}
.ielts-split .col {
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.1rem 1.2rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
}
.ielts-split .col.good { background: #eefaf5; border-color: #cfeee0; }
.ielts-split .col.bad { background: #fff5f5; border-color: #ffd9da; }
.ielts-split .col h5 { margin: 0 0 0.6rem; font-size: 1.05rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; }
.ielts-split .col.good h5 { color: #2e8b60; }
.ielts-split .col.bad h5 { color: var(--iv-c2); }
.ielts-split .col ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.ielts-split .col li { font-size: 0.9rem; color: var(--iv-ink); padding-left: 22px; margin-bottom: 0.6rem; }
.ielts-split .col.good li::before { content: '\f00c'; color: #2e8b60; }
.ielts-split .col.bad li::before { content: '\f00d'; color: var(--iv-c2); }

/* ---- Timeline (study plan) ---- */
.ielts-timeline { position: relative; margin: 1.6rem 0 0.5rem; padding-left: 2.4rem; }
.ielts-timeline::before {
    content: ''; position: absolute; left: 12px; top: 6px; bottom: 6px;
    width: 3px; background: linear-gradient(var(--iv-c1), var(--iv-c2)); border-radius: 3px;
}
.ielts-tl-item { position: relative; margin-bottom: 1.6rem; }
.ielts-tl-item::before {
    content: ''; position: absolute; left: -2.05rem; top: 2px;
    width: 20px; height: 20px; border-radius: 50%;
    background: #fff; border: 4px solid var(--iv-c2); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px #fff;
}
.ielts-tl-week {
    display: inline-block; font-weight: 900; font-size: 0.75rem; letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--iv-c2); background: #fff0f0;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.7rem; border-radius: 50px; margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.ielts-tl-item h5 { margin: 0 0 0.3rem; color: var(--iv-c1); font-size: 1.15rem; }
.ielts-tl-item p { margin: 0.25rem 0; font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.7; color: #607079; }

/* ---- Band scale gauge ---- */
.ielts-bandscale { display: flex; border-radius: 10px; overflow: hidden; margin: 1.2rem 0 0.6rem; border: 1px solid var(--iv-line); }
.ielts-bandscale div {
    flex: 1; text-align: center; padding: 0.7rem 0.2rem; font-weight: 900;
    color: #fff; font-size: 0.9rem; position: relative;
}
.ielts-bandscale small { display: block; font-weight: 500; font-size: 0.68rem; opacity: 0.9; font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; }
.ielts-band-1 { background: #c0392b; }
.ielts-band-2 { background: #e0713b; }
.ielts-band-3 { background: #e0a02f; }
.ielts-band-4 { background: #4caf7d; }
.ielts-band-5 { background: #17a2a2; }

/* ---- Responsive table wrapper ---- */
.ielts-table-wrap { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1.4rem 0; border-radius: 12px; border: 1px solid var(--iv-line); }
.ielts-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 460px; }
.ielts-table thead th {
    background: var(--iv-c1); color: #fff; text-align: left; padding: 0.9rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.92rem; font-weight: 700;
}
.ielts-table td { padding: 0.8rem 1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--iv-line); color: var(--iv-ink); font-size: 0.92rem; vertical-align: top; }
.ielts-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) { background: var(--iv-soft); }
.ielts-table .bn { font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; color: #8a959c; font-size: 0.82rem; display: block; margin-top: 0.2rem; }

/* ---- Accent diagram (map / labelling demo) ---- */
.ielts-diagram { text-align: center; }
.ielts-diagram svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }

@media (max-width: 560px) {
    .ielts-stat-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .ielts-viz { padding: 1.2rem 1rem; }
    .ielts-flow-arrow { transform: rotate(90deg); }
}

/* =========================================================
   INTERACTIVE READING-TEST ENGINE (.rt-*)
   Used by ielts/ielts-reading/reading-practice-test-*.html
   ========================================================= */
.rt-intro { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }

/* Sticky control bar with timer */
.rt-bar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 80px;
    z-index: 50;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    background: var(--iv-c1);
    color: #fff;
    border-radius: 14px;
    padding: 0.8rem 1.2rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(21,46,64,0.18);
}
.rt-bar-bottom { position: static; }
.rt-timer {
    font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
    padding: 0.2rem 0.9rem;
    border-radius: 10px;
}
.rt-timer.rt-low { color: #ffd0d0; background: rgba(237,77,80,0.35); }
.rt-bar-btns { display: flex; gap: 0.6rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.rt-btn {
    border: none;
    border-radius: 50px;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.15rem;
    font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #fff;
    transition: transform 0.15s ease, filter 0.15s ease;
}
.rt-btn i { margin-right: 0.4rem; }
.rt-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); filter: brightness(1.06); }
.rt-btn-start { background: #2a9d8f; }
.rt-btn-check { background: var(--iv-c2); }
.rt-btn-reset { background: #607079; }

/* Result panel */
.rt-result {
    background: linear-gradient(160deg, #ffffff, var(--iv-soft));
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-top: 5px solid var(--iv-c2);
    border-radius: 16px;
    padding: 1.6rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(21,46,64,0.08);
}
.rt-score-num { font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-weight: 900; font-size: 3rem; color: var(--iv-c1); line-height: 1; }
.rt-score-num span { font-size: 1.4rem; color: #8a959c; }
.rt-band { font-size: 1.3rem; margin-top: 0.4rem; color: var(--iv-ink); }
.rt-band strong { color: var(--iv-c2); }
.rt-band-bn { font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; color: #78868f; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; }

/* Passage + questions layout */
.rt-block { margin: 2rem 0; }
@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .rt-block { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 2rem; align-items: start; }
    .rt-passage { position: sticky; top: 160px; max-height: calc(100vh - 180px); overflow-y: auto; }
}
.rt-passage {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-radius: 14px;
    padding: 1.4rem 1.6rem;
}
.rt-ptag {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--iv-c1);
    color: #fff;
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}
.rt-guide { color: var(--text-light); font-style: italic; font-size: 0.9rem; }
.rt-title { font-size: 1.7rem; color: var(--iv-c1); margin: 0.4rem 0 1rem; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--iv-c2); padding-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.rt-passage p { color: var(--iv-ink); line-height: 1.8; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; }

/* Question groups */
.rt-questions { margin-top: 1rem; }
@media (min-width: 992px) { .rt-questions { margin-top: 0; } }
.rt-qgroup {
    background: var(--iv-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--iv-line);
    border-radius: 14px;
    padding: 1.2rem 1.3rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}
.rt-qgroup h4 { color: var(--iv-c1); font-size: 1.15rem; margin: 0 0 0.5rem; }
.rt-inst { color: var(--iv-ink); font-size: 0.92rem; margin: 0.2rem 0; }
.rt-inst-bn { font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif; color: #78868f; font-size: 0.86rem; margin: 0 0 0.8rem; }
.rt-headings { background: #fff; border: 1px dashed var(--iv-line); border-radius: 10px; padding: 0.8rem 1rem; margin: 0.7rem 0 1rem; }
.rt-headings ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0.3rem 0 0; }
.rt-headings li { color: var(--iv-ink); font-size: 0.9rem; padding: 0.18rem 0; }
.rt-note { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--iv-line); border-radius: 10px; padding: 0.9rem 1.1rem; }
.rt-note > p:first-child { margin-top: 0; }

.rt-q { padding: 0.6rem 0.7rem; border-radius: 9px; margin-bottom: 0.35rem; transition: background 0.2s ease; }
.rt-q p { margin: 0; color: var(--iv-ink); line-height: 1.65; }
.rt-n {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    min-width: 26px; height: 26px; border-radius: 6px; margin-right: 0.5rem;
    background: var(--iv-c1); color: #fff; font-weight: 700; font-size: 0.82rem; padding: 0 6px;
}
.rt-opts { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.4rem 1.2rem; margin: 0.5rem 0 0 34px; }
.rt-opts-col { flex-direction: column; gap: 0.4rem; }
.rt-opts label { display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.35rem; cursor: pointer; color: var(--iv-ink); font-size: 0.92rem; }
.rt-gap {
    border: none; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--iv-c2); background: #fffbe6;
    font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-size: 0.95rem; padding: 0.15rem 0.4rem; width: 130px; margin: 0 0.2rem;
}
.rt-gap-wide { width: 180px; }
.rt-gap:focus { outline: none; background: #fff3b0; }
.rt-sel { font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif; font-size: 0.95rem; padding: 0.25rem 0.4rem; border: 1px solid var(--iv-line); border-radius: 8px; margin-left: 0.3rem; }

.rt-ans { display: inline-block; font-weight: 700; font-size: 0.85rem; margin-left: 0.5rem; }
.rt-ans i { margin-right: 0.25rem; }
.rt-q.rt-correct { background: #eefaf5; }
.rt-q.rt-correct .rt-ans { color: #2e8b60; }
.rt-q.rt-wrong { background: #fff5f5; }
.rt-q.rt-wrong .rt-ans { color: var(--iv-c2); }
.rt-q.rt-wrong .rt-ans b { color: var(--iv-c1); }

@media (max-width: 560px) {
    .rt-bar { top: 70px; }
    .rt-timer { font-size: 1.3rem; }
    .rt-opts { margin-left: 0; }
}


/* ================== BOOK FLIP READER COMPONENT ================== */
/* Used on ielts/ielts-books/*.html dedicated book pages (see js/book-flip.js). */
.book-flip-wrap {
    max-width: 520px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.bf-toolbar {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.bf-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border: none;
    padding: 9px 16px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.25s ease, opacity 0.25s ease;
}

.bf-btn:hover:not(:disabled) { background: var(--accent-color); }

.bf-btn:disabled {
    opacity: 0.35;
    cursor: not-allowed;
}

.bf-page-indicator {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    text-align: center;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.bf-jump {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
    order: 4;
    margin-top: 0.4rem;
}

.bf-jump input {
    width: 64px;
    padding: 6px 8px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-align: center;
    font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', 'Roboto', sans-serif;
}

.bf-jump button {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 6px 14px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.bf-stage {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 210 / 297;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
    overflow: hidden;
    perspective: 2200px;
    touch-action: pan-y;
}

.bf-base-canvas, .bf-flip-panel {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
}

.bf-base-canvas canvas, .bf-face canvas {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    display: block;
    background: var(--white);
}

.bf-flip-panel {
    transform-style: preserve-3d;
    transform-origin: left center;
    transform: rotateY(0deg);
}

.bf-flip-panel.bf-animating {
    transition: transform 0.65s cubic-bezier(0.45, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.bf-flip-panel.bf-flip-active {
    transform: rotateY(-180deg);
}

.bf-face {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    backface-visibility: hidden;
    -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
}

.bf-face-back {
    transform: rotateY(180deg);
}

.bf-loading, .bf-error {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    background: var(--white);
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    z-index: 5;
}

.bf-loading i { font-size: 1.6rem; color: var(--primary-color); }

.bf-end-banner {
    margin-top: 1rem;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.2rem 1.4rem;
    text-align: center;
    display: none;
}

.bf-end-banner.bf-show { display: block; }
.bf-end-banner p { margin: 0 0 0.8rem; color: #dbe4ec; font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.bf-end-banner .bn { display: block; margin-top: 0.3rem; }

.bf-hint {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-top: 0.7rem;
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
    .book-flip-wrap { max-width: 100%; }
    .bf-toolbar { justify-content: center; }
    .bf-page-indicator { width: 100%; order: -1; margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
}

/* ================== BOOK DETAIL PAGE (ielts/ielts-books/*.html) ================== */
.book-breadcrumb { margin: 1.5rem 0 0; }
.book-breadcrumb a { color: var(--primary-color); font-weight: 700; font-size: 0.9rem; }
.book-breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--accent-color); }

.book-hero {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
    padding: 2rem 0 2.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.book-hero-cover {
    flex: 0 0 320px;
    max-width: 320px;
}

.book-hero-cover img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
    display: block;
}

.book-hero-info { flex: 1; min-width: 280px; }
.book-hero-info h2 { font-size: 1.8rem; color: var(--primary-color); margin: 0 0 0.3rem; }
.book-hero-eng { color: var(--text-light); font-size: 1rem; margin: 0 0 1rem; }

.book-hero-price {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin: 1.2rem 0;
}

.book-hero-price .old {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    text-decoration: line-through;
    margin-right: 0.6rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.book-hero-price .free-tag {
    background: #2e8b60;
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 0.35rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

.book-hero-actions { display: flex; gap: 0.8rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }

.book-toc-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr));
    gap: 0.7rem 1.5rem;
}

.book-toc-list li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.book-toc-list li i { color: var(--accent-color); margin-top: 0.25rem; }

@media (max-width: 700px) {
    .book-hero { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; }
    .book-hero-cover { flex: 0 0 auto; width: 240px; }
    .book-hero-actions { justify-content: center; }
    .book-toc-list { text-align: left; }
}

/* ================== EBOOK PROMO POPUP ================== */
body.ebook-popup-open { overflow: hidden; }

.ebook-popup-overlay {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(21, 46, 64, 0.65);
    backdrop-filter: blur(3px);
    z-index: 3000;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.25s ease, visibility 0.25s ease;
}

.ebook-popup-overlay.active {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.ebook-popup {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 18px;
    max-width: 440px;
    width: 100%;
    max-height: 90vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
    position: relative;
    box-shadow: 0 25px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
    transform: translateY(16px) scale(0.97);
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.ebook-popup-overlay.active .ebook-popup {
    transform: translateY(0) scale(1);
}

.ebook-popup-close {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0.7rem;
    right: 0.7rem;
    width: 38px;
    height: 38px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: none;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 2;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

.ebook-popup-close:hover {
    background: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
}

.ebook-popup-banner {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 1.8rem 1.6rem 1.4rem;
    border-radius: 18px 18px 0 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.ebook-popup-covers {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: flex-end;
    gap: 0.6rem;
}

.ebook-popup-covers img {
    width: 64px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    display: block;
}

.ebook-popup-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
    background: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 0.3rem 0.9rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.ebook-popup-body {
    padding: 1.6rem 1.6rem 1.8rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.ebook-popup-body h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
}

.ebook-popup-body p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
}

.ebook-popup-body p.bn {
    font-family: 'Hind Siliguri', sans-serif;
}

.ebook-popup-price-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin: 1rem 0 1.3rem;
}

.ebook-popup-price-tag {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: 20px;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.ebook-popup-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.6rem;
}

.ebook-popup-actions .btn {
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    text-align: center;
}

.ebook-popup-dismiss {
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    text-decoration: underline;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.4rem;
}

.ebook-popup-dismiss:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .ebook-popup-covers img { width: 54px; }
    .ebook-popup-body { padding: 1.4rem 1.2rem 1.6rem; }
    .ebook-popup-price-tag { font-size: 0.72rem; padding: 0.3rem 0.65rem; }
}