Why Plugging In Beats Pure Algebra

Many GRE algebra questions can be solved faster and with less risk of a sign error by substituting concrete numbers rather than manipulating symbols. Because most GRE Quant questions are multiple choice, you can often work backward from the answer choices just as effectively as working forward from the problem.

অনেক GRE বীজগণিত প্রশ্ন প্রতীকী সমীকরণের বদলে নির্দিষ্ট সংখ্যা বসিয়ে দ্রুত ও কম ঝুঁকিতে সমাধান করা যায়। যেহেতু অধিকাংশ প্রশ্ন multiple choice, উত্তর থেকে পেছনের দিকে কাজ করাও কার্যকর।

The core method: when a question has variables in both the question and the answer choices, "Plug In" simple numbers. When a question describes a scenario and the answer choices are numbers, "Backsolve" by testing an answer choice directly in the scenario.

মূল পদ্ধতি: প্রশ্ন ও উত্তরে চলক থাকলে সংখ্যা বসান; উত্তর সংখ্যা হলে পেছন থেকে পরীক্ষা করুন।

Two Core Techniques

TechniqueWhen to Use ItHow It Works
Plugging In Numbers (PIN)Variables appear in the question stem and the answer choices.Choose simple, "safe" numbers for the variables, compute the target value using those numbers, then find which answer choice produces that same value when the same numbers are substituted.
BacksolvingThe answer choices are specific numbers and the question describes a scenario (not abstract variables).Substitute an answer choice (often the middle one) into the scenario; if the result is too high or too low, adjust toward a larger or smaller choice.

Choosing safe numbers: avoid 0 and 1 (they often make multiple answer choices match by coincidence, since 0 and 1 behave specially in multiplication/exponents), and avoid numbers that already appear elsewhere in the problem.

নিরাপদ সংখ্যা বাছাই: ০ ও ১ এড়িয়ে চলুন, এবং সমস্যায় ইতিমধ্যে থাকা সংখ্যাও এড়িয়ে চলুন।

Worked Examples

Example 1 — Plugging In

"A store increases the price of an item by 20%, then offers a 10% discount on the new price. The final price is what percent of the original price?"

PLUG INLet the original price = 100 (a safe, easy number for percent problems). After a 20% increase: 100 × 1.2 = 120. After a 10% discount on 120: 120 × 0.9 = 108. Since we started with 100, the final price is 108% of the original — no algebra required.
Example 2 — Backsolving

"If 3x + x² = 40, what is the value of x?" Answer choices: (A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) 7

BACKSOLVEStart with the middle choice, C (5): 3(5) + 5² = 15 + 25 = 40. It matches on the first try — x = 5 (C). If it hadn't matched, the result being too high or too low would tell you whether to try a smaller or larger choice next.

Common Mistakes

  • Using 0 or 1 as the "safe" number: these can make an answer choice match by coincidence (e.g., anything times 1 stays the same, masking multiplication errors).
  • Reusing a number that appears in the problem: this can accidentally make an incorrect answer choice equal the correct one.
  • Stopping after only testing one answer choice when backsolving: always confirm the result is exactly right, not just "close," since GRE Quant has no partial credit for near misses.
  • Forgetting Plugging In requires checking every answer choice: more than one choice can coincidentally match your chosen numbers — if two choices match, try a second set of numbers to break the tie.

Your Turn

Practice choosing the right technique and applying it. সঠিক কৌশল বেছে প্রয়োগ করুন।

1 "If a number is increased by 50% and then decreased by 50%, the result is what percent of the original number?"
Show the logic

Plug in 100: +50% → 150; −50% of 150 → 75. Result = 75% of the original.

2 "x² − 2x = 15. What is a possible value of x?" Answer choices: (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) 8
Show the logic

Test C (5): 25 − 10 = 15. Matches — x = 5 (C).

3 "If y is 3 more than twice x, and x is doubled, what happens to y in terms of the new x?" (Try plugging in x = 4.)
Show the logic

x=4: y = 2(4)+3 = 11. New x = 8: new y = 2(8)+3 = 19. So y increases from 11 to 19, not simply doubling — plugging in reveals the relationship isn't proportional.

4 "2x + 3(x − 1) = 22. What is x?" Answer choices: (A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) 7
Show the logic

Test C (5): 10 + 3(4) = 10+12 = 22. Matches — x = 5 (C).

5 "If a is a positive integer, is a² + a always even, always odd, or does it depend on a?" (Plug in a = 2 and a = 3 to test.)
Show the logic

a=2: 4+2=6 (even). a=3: 9+3=12 (even). Always even — because a² and a always share the same parity, their sum is always even.

Next guide: Geometry Strategies. Apply this skill on Quant Practice Test 3.

পরের গাইড: জ্যামিতি কৌশল।