PTE Grammar: Essay Grammar Range (Bangla)

Why This Matters (কেন গুরুত্বপূর্ণ)

Write Essay is scored partly on Grammar (accuracy) and Written Discourse (structure and coherence). Unlike Summarize Written Text, the essay rewards — even requires — a mix of sentence types across its 200-300 words. An essay written entirely in short, simple sentences reads as underdeveloped, no matter how correct each sentence is.

Write Essay আংশিকভাবে Grammar ও Written Discourse-এ স্কোর হয়। ২০০-৩০০ শব্দে বিভিন্ন ধরনের বাক্যের মিশ্রণ প্রয়োজন — শুধু ছোট সরল বাক্যে লেখা essay অনুন্নত মনে হয়, প্রতিটি বাক্য নির্ভুল হলেও।

Target mix: across a 250-word essay, aim for roughly 40% complex sentences, 30% compound, and 30% simple — simple sentences still have a place for emphasis and clarity.

লক্ষ্য মিশ্রণ: প্রায় ৪০% জটিল, ৩০% যৌগিক, ৩০% সরল বাক্য।

Sentence-Type Variety (বাক্যের বৈচিত্র্য)

Type	Structure	Example
Simple	One independent clause	Tuition fees create financial barriers.
Compound	Two independent clauses + and/but/so	Tuition fees create barriers, but they also fund research.
Complex	Independent + dependent clause	Although tuition fees create barriers, they also fund university research.
Compound-complex	Two independent + one dependent clause	Although tuition fees create barriers, they fund research, and this benefits all students.

MONOTONOUSUniversity is expensive. Fees are a barrier. Students struggle. Free education is fairer. (সবগুলো সরল বাক্য — এক ছন্দ)

VARIEDUniversity fees remain a significant barrier for many students, although they also help fund the research that keeps institutions internationally competitive; as a result, some form of means-tested subsidy is arguably the fairest compromise.

Conditionals & Hedging Language (শর্তসাপেক্ষ ও নরম ভাষা)

Essays that argue with absolute certainty ("this will definitely happen") sound unbalanced. Conditionals and hedging language let you argue persuasively while acknowledging nuance — exactly what an examiner-style discussion essay rewards.

নিশ্চিতভাবে যুক্তি দিলে ("এটি অবশ্যই হবে") অসামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ শোনায়। Conditional ও নরম ভাষা যুক্তিকে বিশ্বাসযোগ্য রাখে।

If governments subsidised tuition more heavily, participation rates would likely rise among low-income students.

Hedging phrases worth learning

arguably it could be argued that tends to is likely to to some extent in many cases not necessarily

TOO ABSOLUTEFree education always produces better outcomes for society.

HEDGEDFree education arguably tends to produce better outcomes for society, at least in countries with strong tax revenues.

Passive Voice for Objectivity (নিরপেক্ষতার জন্য প্যাসিভ)

Academic essays often use the passive voice to focus on the idea rather than who holds it — useful when presenting a viewpoint you are not personally endorsing.

Active: Critics argue that fees limit access. → Passive: It is often argued that fees limit access.

Don't overuse it. An essay written entirely in the passive voice sounds evasive and impersonal — reserve it for presenting opposing views, and use active voice for your own opinion ("I believe a means-tested system is fairer").

অতিরিক্ত ব্যবহার করবেন না। পুরো essay প্যাসিভে লিখলে ব্যক্তিগত মতামত এড়িয়ে যাওয়ার মতো শোনায়।

Your Turn (অনুশীলন করুন)

Rewrite each monotonous pair as one varied, hedged or passive sentence, then reveal a model answer.

1 Free education helps poor students. It costs the government a lot of money. (complex, with hedging)

Show a model answer

While free education arguably helps students from low-income backgrounds, it also places a significant financial burden on the government.

2 Some people say fees improve university funding. (passive)

Show a model answer

It is often argued that fees improve university funding.

3 Governments subsidise tuition more. Participation rates rise. (conditional)

Show a model answer

If governments subsidised tuition more heavily, participation rates would likely rise.